Application of High-power Led Stadium Lights in Sports Venues
Directory:
1. Analysis of the Classification and Positioning of Sports Venue Functions
2. Example of high-power LED lamp application in a specific stadium
In traditional stadium lighting design, metal halide lamps are the primary fixtures used. However, as LED lighting technology has advanced and become more widely adopted across various sectors, high-power LED stadium lights are increasingly being integrated into stadium lighting designs. Compared to traditional metal halide lamps, LED stadium lights offer advantages such as energy efficiency, high performance, low maintenance costs, and the ability for intelligent control. The National Olympic Sports Center has implemented an LED lighting design that serves multiple functions, including event lighting, emergency lighting, and audience seating illumination, resulting in successful applications.
This article aims to categorize and define the functional uses of stadiums, align the lighting design with relevant testing standards, and explore the design and application of high-power LED stadium lights in stadiums for the benefit of stakeholders.
1. Analysis of the Classification and Positioning of Sports Venue Functions
In the lighting design of this sports venue, the relevant index requirements from national sports competition regulations are taken into account. A comprehensive evaluation of professional lighting indicators is conducted, considering factors such as horizontal illuminance, lighting uniformity, vertical illuminance, color temperature of the light source, glare control, and color rendering. Among these, horizontal illuminance is the most critical indicator. It is important to note that the lighting design index requirements indicate that the functional uses of sports venues vary significantly, leading to differences in their classification and setup. Typically, the lighting design for sports venues is tailored to the specific functions of the events held and the actual usage of the venues, ensuring that the lighting meets the diverse needs of the sporting events.
Using the National Olympic Sports Center as a case study, this multifunctional venue spans over 30.000 m² and accommodates 38.000 spectators. From a functional design perspective, it is equipped to host major international events in football, athletics, and other sports, as well as high-definition television broadcasts of national competitions. According to the classification standards for stadiums in the lighting design and testing guidelines, it falls under the lighting design level standards for football competitions (level VI) and athletics competitions (level V). The specific design must align with these standards to fulfill functional requirements for broadcasting and hosting significant international events. The classification settings for stadium lighting design in China are detailed in Table 1.
2. Example of high-power LED lamp application in a specific stadium
2.1 Current lighting condition of a specific stadium prior to renovation
As a case study, we examine the lighting retrofit project of a particular stadium, which serves as a multifunctional venue. Since its establishment, the stadium has relied on metal halide lamps for primary event lighting. Initially, it was equipped with 88 high-pressure sodium lamps, each with a power of 1 kW and powered by AC380 V, sufficient for large-scale competitions and related activities. However, as lighting technology advanced, the production of lamps compatible with AC380 V was discontinued, leading to the adoption of metal halide lamps operating at AC220 V. These lamps have a power rating of 400 W, with a total of 120 lamps arranged in a grid pattern, and three lamps grouped for switch control to fulfill the lighting requirements for events and other functions.
To assess whether the current lighting design meets the necessary standards for stadium use and lighting design, professional measuring instruments were employed for analysis. The findings revealed that the maximum illumination level is 623 lx, the minimum is 207 lx, and the average illumination is 364 lx, with an energy consumption of 35.8 W/m2 for the lighting fixtures. According to the established stadium lighting design standards, the horizontal average illumination is significantly below the required level, and the uniformity of lighting is inadequate. Consequently, the current lighting setup can only support general training or amateur competitions, excluding televised events, and fails to meet the requirements for hosting a variety of sports and events. Therefore, a transformation and upgrade of the lighting system is urgently needed.
2.2 Lighting Impact Post-Renovation with High-Power LED Fixtures
In light of the current lighting conditions at the aforementioned stadium, the renovation project involved the construction of two modern-style auxiliary halls adjacent to the original stadium, specifically designed for martial arts training. During the initial planning and construction phase of these new facilities, a thorough analysis was conducted on the lighting system renovation, taking into account the region's climatic characteristics and the specific requirements of the project.
The existing metal halide lighting in the stadium was found to be energy-intensive, requiring significant daily maintenance and generating excessive heat. Considering the functional requirements and lighting needs of the new auxiliary halls, it was decided to implement LED lighting for the renovation. The new auxiliary hall, measuring 19.4 m in length, 14.6 m in width, and 9 m in height, features a modern glass wall design. To ensure the lighting aligns with the overall aesthetic of the hall, a single LED lighting scheme was selected, utilizing 200 W fixtures powered by DC36 V. The layout consists of rows and columns, with 20 LED lights in each, positioned approximately 8 m above the ground. The lighting system incorporates three intelligent control modes—sequential, energy-saving, and full-on—to effectively manage and adjust the lighting according to the various functional needs of the stadium.
Following the completion of the lighting renovation at the stadium, measurements and analyses of the lighting conditions were conducted using specialized instruments. The findings indicated that the maximum illumination reached 1.260 lx, the minimum was 257 lx, and the average illumination was approximately 684 lx, with the lighting system's energy consumption at 14.0 W/m2. This represents a significant reduction in energy usage compared to prior to the renovation. The measurement data post-renovation fully complies with the relevant standards for stadium usage and lighting design, demonstrating effective results from the renovation. Furthermore, the lighting renovation plan, which adhered to classification standards for stadium functions, highlighted a notable decrease in energy consumption due to the installation of LED stadium lights. This shows that using LED lighting in stadiums not only fulfills their lighting requirements but also offers substantial energy savings.
The implementation of high-power LED stadium lights in sports venues effectively addresses the lighting needs for events and special lighting displays, playing a crucial role in enhancing the functional development of these facilities.
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